You may think that because you are miles from civilisation that any water source would be safe to drink but this is not the case.
After obtaining shelter, water is your next priority and regardless of your current supply, you should begin immediately securing a source.
In most cases, you will have to filter and purify any surface water source you find in a wilderness environment.
Surface water sources are contaminated by animal faeces, birds, insects and animal carcases and by humans as well.
The water source will contain harmful bacteria, parasites and pathogens that will cause illness or worse. The water must be filtered and purified before it would be considered safe to drink.
Acceptable methods of emergency water purification include, chemical treatment using iodine or chlorine dioxide tablets, or sodium hypochlorite (liquid chlorine), by boiling the water or by using a portable water filtration system.
Not only must you know how to purify water you must also learn how to filter it properly first.
Water must be filtered to remove waterborne cysts that can harbour and protect bacteria from chemical treatment or even boiling. The cysts can be described as micro sized seedpods that can withstand high temperatures. Filtering will remove these cysts along with pesticides, herbicides, sediment, insects and other debris.
Filtering mediums include charcoal, sand, gravel, cloth, cheesecloth and coffee filters. Layer the filtering mediums with the finer material as the bottom layer to filter out the microorganisms.
Use any food can with a hole in the bottom, plastic soda bottle or any suitable device that did not contain chemicals or other toxins.

Next, pour the water into a vessel for boiling or into your container for chemical treatment.
Allow the water to rapid boil for one minute if at sea level and if you suspect you are above sea level boil for three minutes. Water boils at a lower temperature at higher elevations because of the reduced air pressure thus, the extended boil time.
Boiling longer than the recommended times will cause you to lose water volume through evaporation; this can be problematic if you have a limited source.
For every 152 meters / 500 feet above sea level, water’s boiling point is reduced by one degree.
Before setting out on any outdoor adventure make sure, you know how to purify water before you find yourself in a survival situation.
You now know how to purify water but before you can get started, you have to find water first. You may not always have a river, stream, lake or pond next to your campsite in fact you may have to dig for it or collect it using other methods that will be described but first how to dig for water -
Dry wash or shallow gullies can be a source of water, particularly if there is green vegetation along the sides. These washes usually have water flowing at various times. In the dryer seasons, the flow diminishes or stops completely but there can be water just below the surface.

Note the green vegetation in this arid environment. The plant life could not survive on the rock outcropping unless there was a water source just below the surface. You may find a natural spring is seeping through a fissure in the rocks and is filling up a small cistern. In years past people constructed cisterns to collect spring water, pooled water made is easier to collect. Any water collected from a cistern must be purified; animals will use the source as well and will have contaminated it.
Plants lose water vapour through their epidermal pores or their stomata located on their leaves. Technically this a gas exchange in plants.
Plants absorb carbon dioxide and through transpiration exchange that gas for oxygen, which is present in the vapour they lose through their stomata.
Plastic bags a weight (small stone) for the bag and some string are needed to collect water using this method.
The vapour given off by the leaves will condense on the sides of the bag and drip toward the weight placed in the bag.
Clear plastic is ideal because it allows the sun’s rays to strike the leaves.
This is a way to collect moisture from the soil using a solar water distiller. Materials needing are a digging tool, collection cup, sheet of clear plastic and a small rock for a weight.
Evaporated water is purified so you do not need to know how to purify water collected with this method.
Dig out a small depression and make sure the plastic can cover it with plenty of overlap on the sides. Once excavated place a collection cup in the centre of the depression and fill the hole in with green vegetation.
Place the plastic over the top and secure along the sides with the excavated soil or rocks.
Place the small rock over the collection cup that is under the plastic and put a small hole in the plastic over the cup. The weight creates a depression to allow water to flow toward the hole.
The sun will essentially “sweat” the moisture from the soil and vegetation. As the moisture evaporates, it will condense on the top side of the plastic and begin to flow toward the hole and begin dripping into the collection cup.
If you are able to prepare for a situation that requires raw untreated water to be filtered and left safe and sterile for drinking, then it is always advisable to carry a portable water filter in your backpack. In fact you can also get a water filter drinking straw which will give you safe drinking water direct from a water source. [not sea water].
These other ‘instant safe drinking water filters’ offer safe, clean, drinkable water but without the hassle of all of the above methods.

Modern water purification makes drinking safe water easy for everyone, regardless of your skills level.
Provided you can find a water source, you will always have clean, safe water to drink and survive.
Here's three of the very best water bottle filters on the market today
All three of these portable filter bottles are capable of removing 99.9% of microbiological contaminants. Thats waterborne bacteria, parasites, protozoa and pathogens, plus any metals and chemicals.
In fact, from a prepping and survival point of view these filter bottles are a 'must have' to add to your survival kit.
Want to know about these water filter bottles? Click links below for my video reviews
Learning how to purify water is not complicated and the methods described are relatively easy to accomplish.
In some cases, you will have to be prepared by having certain materials with you or have the ability to find those materials in your environment.
Foraging can result in you finding what you need, such as discarded metal cans or other vessels to boil water in and discarded plastic shopping bags that can used to collect water from green vegetation
Knowing as many of the old bushcraft water filtering methods is essential for all preppers.
But we are in the 21st century folks..!
Modern water filters are the way to be fully prepared.
Don't get caught out - get prepared first.
Happy Prepping Folks.
Steve
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I have been amazed at the quality of this knife – it is genuinely worth a lot more money and I think you would be hard pressed to find anything that gets anywhere close. These are the details:
A perfectly balances and very comfortable knife - the perfect size for all bushcraft jobs.
I will keep the best bit to last, namely, the price – so hold off skipping to the bottom of the page to see what good value for money this knife really is.!
My First Impressions:
The first thing that stuck me about this knife is the build quality - everything feels solid.
I especially like the G10 handle scales. The more knives with the G10s that I handle the more I like this material.
Or is it just me? I like changing my knife handles from time to time!
The whole knife is weighted handle heavy and is well balanced on the first finger choi point.
Straight out of the box it comes nice n sharp, in fact, it was sharp enough to shave a few hairs on my arm - so that'll do for me.
Steve
Sheath
Now the sheath is 'interesting'... It's nylon, well stitched and fits the knife very snugly. Its also got a reinforcing 12mm x 3mm leather spine sawn in edge side.
Some of the stitching is a bit scraggy, but I think that's typical of these type of sheaths these days.
Either way, it does not interfere with the sheath itself.
There's an additional piece strapped to the front of the sheath, which, I can only assume, is for a fire starter or possibly a sharpener?
Finally the knife is held firmly in place with a further nylon strap and Velcro which goes across the handle.
My Final Thoughts -
I would genuinely expect to pay anything up to £50 or even more for a knife of this quality, and I have nothing but praise for the designers and manufacturers.
It really is a superb knife and was a pleasure to test out.
as you saw in my test video, it handles everything with ease and has certainly made it's way up to being one of my favourite knives.
This is a preppers 'Must Buy' bit of kit
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We all have a certain amount of food stored in our cupboards in the kitchen. Some may have a larder that gives extra shelving and room for a lot more supplies to be stored, but how long would these food supplies last you in an emergency?
Now most of us have a fridge that's generally stocked up with enough provisions to get us by for a couple of days, maybe a week at a push.
Then there's the freezer. That's normally stocked up to some level. Traditionally there will be a few scraggy odds and ends tucked away at the back, but at least there's something there as a backup.
And, of course the good old neglected freezer.... That looks like a scene from Titanic with bits and pieces of food stuck to slabs of ice.
Is this like your freezer..!
Well folks, if that is genuinely all you have stocked up in your house, your in for a big shock when the SHTF.
I can say with pretty much 100% confidence that the vast majority of UK citizens have a painfully small amount of food stored in their homes for even the most basic emergency situation.
Also consider that the food you currently have may well have to feed you AND your family - that being the case, your stuffed...
The stash you currently have will diminish in record time and then what?
The smug answer is, "Well, I told you so".!
You should of been prepping and building a food store long ago. Basic food storage for prepping is not difficult, and it's also not too expensive if you do it bit by bit.
But for any prepper, food storage is definitely one of the very first priority requirements to add to your 'to do' list.
There is now a system of supplying the public with their supermarket food based on 3 days of food stocked.
Simply put, this means if the supply chain were to break (and there could be literally 100's of reasons for this to happen), but whatever stops even a small part of this 3 day restocking process, we would all see empty shelves in our supermarkets within days.
Maybe less if there's a massive disaster.
The good old British public would go bat shit crazy and buy anything and everything they could get their hands on probably within hours, let alone days.!!
Do you really want to join all those those crazy people, running around like a headless chickens, fighting and trying to buy a can of beans.!
Of course you don't, so there's only one thing to do - start prepping and build up good supply of foods that will feed yourself and your family for months and possibly years.
It's not difficult. Providing you stick to a few simple rules you'll be fine. Here's the simple guidelines for food prepping:
For anyone who want to build up a decent stash of long life foods there's one very simple and easy way to do so.
Namely, buy yourself some of the ready prepared, long shelf live and sealed emergency packs like the ones shown here >
This 'fast track' method can be a very good way to build your supplies quickly and safely. Although I would say there are cheaper methods as a typical 1 months supply like this one will cost you around £155.
Now that may sound expensive, but you have to consider there's enough food to keep you going for a month - in fact, having tested the Mountain House range, I would say you could make it last double that.
One of the biggest pluses is the fact that the product is given a minimum 25 year shelf life.!
Of course they offer a lot more than just a one month pack, with a 2 and 4 month pack available, I would also add that you would be looking to make these last a lot longer as well.
Two month supply costs around £250
Four month supply costs around £465
The Mountain House 'fast track' route is OK for some people and will definitely give you a boost in your survival food supplies.
It's well worth considering. Maybe even the odd box if you can afford it at the time.
But build your own "personalized" food stores as well.
Steve Hart
There's an easy and simple way to give chocolate and other treats a good 2-3 years extended life, without loosing any taste or flavour.
This type of storage is easily achieved by using a vacuum sealer like the unit shown here >
These vacuum sealer are an excellent way to ensure you have a big supply of foods, but in a small compact size.
Vacuum sealing you food will add years to its life and is a really cost effective way to store your prepping supplies.
Storage is an essential part of keeping everything fresh and is as important as any of the methods you use to help preserve and increase the shelf live of you stores.
For the best results you must keep your supplies in a dry, cool and sun light free area - a cellar is the ideal place to do this.
However, most people do not have cellars these days, so you have to compromise.
Even in the smallest of homes you will find somewhere to store extra food - and remember, you don't have to put everything in one place.
In fact it's better to spread this around a bit throughout your house.
These are the three essentials for longer term storage - changes in any of these three can spoil you supplies and cause them to go rotten.
At the very least they will reduce their shelf life if exposed to these conditions for extended periods.
Everything must be date marked. Cans and packets that have been bought will come with a use by date - but that date is always less than the actual length of time you can safely use the product.
It's simply a safety factor. I personally have tested out cans of beans that were twice the out of date mark and they tasted fine.
As a rule keep the longest date mark to the back of your stock and when a product at the front become within a year of its use by date, I simple use it.!
Then restock with new cans putting then at the back of the shelf.
This type of food store rotation is necessary for good control of you supplies.
A small cupboard can be ideal
A garage is another good choice
When your storing products that are not in tins or wrapped only in paper (sugar bags for example). Extra precautions should be taken – put them in MYLAR BAGS WITH 300cc OXYGEN ABSORBERS this will help keep them dryer and moisture free.
Don't forget that any basic food storage for prepping includes removing all unnecessary packaging, especially cardboard.
There's certain little bugs that just love to infest and eat the glue and cardboard packaging.
Canned Liquid Food.
Don't overlook the high importance of canned foods with a high liquid content.
Some examples of good nutritious canned foods that are also high in liquid contents are:
Canned soup is the ideal food for nutrition and liquid
Dehydrated & Powdered Foods.
By storing dehydrated foods you will save on storage space and also money if you dehydrate your own foods.
Remember that milk is also a form of dehydrated food and is one of the best high nutrient foods for our body.
Powdered milk has many cooking uses and is a flavour enhancer to many other drinks.
Canned and dehydrated milk is very cheap and easy to store, and will last a good couple of years and more.
Six, 400 gram tubs for £22 - these will last a very long time.
Rice
Buy rice in bulk - you will save a ton of money and it just makes sense.
It's so easy to store and will stay fresh for years, especially if you keep it nice and cool and in a dry place.
There's hundreds of rice recipes and it can be added to just about anything to give bulk.
Being a carbohydrate, there's the added energy stores it will give you as well.
A 25kg bulk bag of rice will give you over 500 servings.!
Beans - chickpeas, lentils, garbanzo
The same principle applies to beans as it does rice - buy beans in bulk - again, you will save a ton of money and it just makes sense.
Beans will store and will stay fresh for years and can be an added source of extra vitamins and minerals needed to bulk up any meal.
There's hundreds of rice recipes and it can be added to just about anything to give bulk.
Being a carbohydrate, there's the added energy stores it will give you as well.
Oatmeal
A traditional main stay food - oatmeal is very easy to store and requires no more attention than rice and beans.
A few of these in your store and your breakfast is guaranteed.
You should easily get at least 100 breakfasts from a 25kg bulk bag which represents great value for money.
Canned & Dehydrated Meat
Of all the basic food storage for prepping, storing meat is possibly the number one food to add to your supply.
You have to consider that meat will provide you with around 90% sustenance needed for you to survive.
I would also include tinned tuna in this canned meat section as being a number one food to store.
The mainstay of canned meats are Beef, Chicken, Tuna and then Ham or Spam.
Dehydrated meats
Don't forget, just about all meat can be dehydrated, in effect leaving you with delicious meat jerky.
By using various methods to remove the moisture your are left with a highly nutritious food that will keep for many months.
The principle behind jerky is to remove the water and moisture in the meat, thus rendering it uninhabitable for bacteria - germs cannot grow without moisture.
Smoking will add flavours to you meat, as well as marinating in various recipes.
But, in all honesty, I have found the easiest and simplest way to make my own meat jerky is using a simple dehydrator.
Obviously you can also use your dehydrator for many other foods and it works very well.
For jerky I have used cooked meat and cut into very thin slices before laying out to dehydrate.
I have also use a beef mix with my own 'secret' recipe and put it into a piping bag and spread it out along the trays.
Either way the results were good.
I always vacuum seal and date the jerky before adding to my store.
Canned Vegetables & Canned Fruit
When it comes to vegetables then think about canned root vegetables, like sweet potatoes or yams.
Canned sauerkraut, cabbage, carrots, peas, mushrooms or even beets.
These will all add substance and nutrition to your survival meals.
Canned goods have a very good shelf life, 2 years plus and are very easy to store. Probably the biggest advantage to stocking canned veggies and fruit is their low price.
It's easy to build up good store of varied foods for very little money.
Packet meals
Ready to eat packet meals offer you ready made food as and when you want it.
No messy about preparing meals - just add water. These are worth thinking about although they are a bit expensive compared to doing it yourself.
I would also definitely add packets some dried potatoes.
Mr Mash or Smash are my favourite. Again they are long shelf life being dried foods and will add bulk and calories to your meals.
Don't just buy and forget. Get used to the foods you have stored. Get use to cooking with them and making up meals from specific items in your store.
You can almost think of you prepping store as one big larder that you use alongside your main kitchen cupboards.
Experiment and test out the best ways to prepare meals using only stored foods. If you can do this, then your well on your way to being fully prepared.
There are many ways to preserve and build up a food store.
Don't get caught out - get prepared first by using the methods I've shown you above, you'll soon have the peace of mind us prepper have.
Happy Prepping Folks.
Steve
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When you think of emergency communication, the first thing that comes to mind is Ham Radio, in fact it has always been considered as the first choice in any preppers survival plan.
You can quite easily transmit around the world with a ham radio but it has its drawbacks which make it generally unsuitable for us preppers.
Setup costs are high, you will also need a special license as well as being pretty clued up on the whole ham radio operating system. All of this is time consuming and costly, and when you add it to all the other prepping activity it becomes more of a pain than a help.
If you have the time and money - then the ham radio is the first choice. But looking at it sensibly, there is an equally good, and far easier and definitely much cheaper way to ensure communications with others would still be possible.
The CB Radio has been around for quite a while now. In fact it was made popular back in the 70's when it was first seen on the big screen in the film 'Smokey and the Bandit'.
Since then it has faded out of popularity a lot, especially with the introduction of the trusty mobile phone.
Now, although your mobile is a good communication device. It only works well under certain conditions.
Namely, when the transmitting towers are able to forward signal, when the phone is active and when there is acceptable line traffic.
If any one of these breaks down, you mobile phone is useless.
No mobile signal or internet spells disaster
In a SHTF scenario it's pretty much a certainty that mobile phone calls and texts will overload the system and cause it to crash.
If the power grid were to fail as a result of a major disaster then all mobiles would loose signal and, potentially, even worse, the internet would go down as people try to find out what is actually happening.
Without doubt, the internet, and namely, social media will be able to report the exact situation far more quickly than the national or world news networks as people Tweet and Facebook about what's happening to them and where.
Interestingly, a CB Radio is exempt from the UK mobile phone law - this means, you are OK to use a CB Radio in your car, it is not illegal. However, if you are found to be using it and cause an accident you will get done for dangerous driving.
Generally speaking you will find that CB Radios will come with a host of different features, all designed to make life easier for the operator - but, the more advanced the features you have, the more you will pay.
Quite often you really don't need all of the fancy gizmos..!
Some features are there, but built in and automatic rather than relying on you to turn a switch and set them yourself.
An 'auto squelch' filter is quite common and will help give you a clearer message, but sometimes it's just knob operated.
Here's a list of some of specifications commonly advertised >
Channel 09 is the universally accepted emergency channel for all CB users.
However, it would seam that channel 03 is also the universal prepping channel for all sorts of things, including emergencies. .
Other channels that have been allocated to various sectors are:
Channel 4 & 16 - used by 4x4 clubs
Channel 17 - general truckers channel
Channel 19 - general open channel
The CRT S-MINI
Here's a typical, good basic setup that is an excellent entry level CB with all the necessary features a prepper would need.
In a nice compact 180mm x 123mm x 38mm size, this CRT S-MINI is great value for money at around £55.
You can also get the CRT S-MINI VEHICLE BUNDLE KIT WITH KM65 AERIAL ANTENNA + MAGMOUNT which costs under £65.
So if you haven't got one, I would suggest you give it some serious thought.
There not just for truckers or geeks. They are a genuine bit prepping equipment.
Having the tools to help you survive are what prepping is all about and a CB Radio For Preppers just makes perfect sense to me - it's yet another lifeline.
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There is literally thousands of pages of information about prepping on the internet today. This makes joining the prepping community easier than ever.
If your a newbie prepper it is very easy to fall into an information overload trap and get the red mist about prepping and all the equipment you must have.
My advice to any newbie is to try and find as much information as you possibly can before making any decisions. And find out even more if that decision includes making a purchase for some new gear.
There are probably dozens of simple mistakes to be made, but, in this post I want to add my take on the Top 10 Prepping Mistakes, from a perspective of my 20 years plus experience of being a prepper.
The clue is in the word "Prepping". You are getting ready to survive. Ideally to survive any scenario. Of course, any scenario, is just not possible, but as many as you realisticly could.
In fact, 75% of prepping is done at a core level, covering nearly all survival factors. Learn the basics of survival any you almost there.
This Ebook covers all the basic mistakes a newbie prepper will make.
It goes over essentials and non essential equipment with those little details that most people wont tell you.
Superb read, well written and very interesting. Well recommended
Surviving and learning how to keep alive can take years.
So can prepping for a disaster - do it right from the start and always keep to the key basics.
You wont go far wrong then......
Happy Prepping Folks.
Steve
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